全球视野 | 海洋深处的女性力量：印尼女性如何引领当地的珊瑚修复行动

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文章《Raising the Voices of Indonesian Women to Restore Their Homeland’s Coral Reefs/提高印尼妇女的声音，以恢复其家园的珊瑚礁》发布在Earth.org上。Earth.org是一家专注于环境新闻的网站。这篇文章讲述了印尼女性在珊瑚礁修复项目中的重要作用，特别是如何通过支持性别平等来推动海洋保护。全球珊瑚礁正在衰退，尽管许多修复项目已展开，但女性，尤其是来自发展中国家的少数族裔女性，在海洋保护领域的职业机会依然受到限制。荷兰女性罗斯·休伊赞佳意识到了这种性别差距，便开始在印尼培训当地女性，让她们能够自主发起珊瑚修复项目。

As the world witnesses the alarming global decline of coral reefs, a surge of restoration projects has emerged worldwide. While the growing commitment to protecting the ocean’s biodiversity is vital for preserving this precious environment, the increased involvement of individuals underscores a concerning reality — the prospects of establishing a career in the sector are becoming far from equal. As a woman, your path will be strewn with obstacles, particularly if you hail from a minority background in a developing country. The odds of turning your conservation dreams into reality seem almost insurmountable. 

随着全球珊瑚礁的急剧衰退引起了世界的关注，各地的珊瑚修复项目迅速兴起。对于保护海洋生物多样性的承诺日益增加，这对于保护这一珍贵的环境至关重要。但越来越多个人的参与也凸显了一个令人担忧的现实：在该领域建立职业生涯的机会正变得极不平等。作为一名女性，尤其是来自发展中国家少数族裔的女性，你的道路将充满障碍。要将你的海洋保护梦想变为现实，挑战将会非常巨大。

This isn’t just about saving coral; it’s about breaking barriers, defying the odds and creating a powerful force for change.

这不仅仅是为了拯救珊瑚；这是关于打破障碍，克服困难，并创造一种强大的变革力量。

Fuelled by a dream to reduce the gender gap in marine science and actively protect our oceans, Rose Huizenga started training local women from across Indonesia to set up their own coral restoration projects. The aim is clear: to build a strong network of female leaders protecting the reefs of Indonesia. 

怀揣着缩小海洋科学领域的性别差距、积极保护海洋的梦想，罗斯·休伊赞佳开始培训来自印度尼西亚各地的当地女性，帮助她们建立自己的珊瑚修复项目。目的很明确：建立一个强大的女性领导者网络，保护印度尼西亚的珊瑚礁。

“The voices of women are frequently not heard.” These words were pronounced in 2019, by United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres, urging action to reach gender equality in marine science. Although there is still little data on this issue, research has proven that women are underrepresented in the marine conservation industry. The issue is not that women are unwilling to pursue a career in ocean conservation. In fact, they occupy more seats at universities than men. However, their prospects for decision-making roles are notably limited. The higher you go in the hierarchy, the fewer the females: the leaky pipeline keeps them at the doorstep. 

“女性的声音经常被忽视”。这是联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯在2019年发表的言论，他呼吁采取行动，以实现海洋科学领域的性别平等。尽管关于这一问题的数据仍然有限，但研究表明女性在海洋保护行业中的代表性不足。问题并不在于女性不愿意从事海洋保护事业。事实上，她们在大学中占据的席位比男性多。然而，她们进入决策职位的机会明显受限。职位越高，女性越少：职场的管漏现象将她们挡在高层门外。 

Rose had never studied marine science, but her heart had always beaten faster close to the ocean. In 2012, she left the Netherlands with only a backpack and a head full of dreams to explore Indonesia, Nepal, and Sri Lanka and figure out what a life full of purpose would look like. She didn’t explore Kathmandu nor climb Lion Rock because once her feet touched Gili Air, Indonesia, she never left the island. She began work as a scuba instructor and was saddened by the declining diversity of marine life on the archipelago. This led her to establish “Gili Shark Conservation” in 2015 with two friends. Within a few years, hundreds of enthusiasts were trained to conduct surveys underwater, from shark and turtle identification to coral restoration projects. Due to their efforts, people from all over the world were gathering precious data every day to protect the marine protected area, Gili Matra Marine Reserve. 

罗斯·休伊赞佳从未学习过海洋科学，但她的心总是对海洋充满激情。2012年，她带着一个背包和满脑子的梦想离开荷兰，前往印度尼西亚、尼泊尔和斯里兰卡，想要探索有意义的生活是什么样子。她没有去探索加德满都，也没有去攀登狮子岩，因为当她的脚踏上印度尼西亚的吉利埃尔岛（Gili Air）时，她便再也没有离开过这个岛。她开始担任潜水教练，并对该群岛日益减少的海洋生物多样性感到悲伤。这促使她在2015年与两位朋友成立了“吉利鲨鱼保护组织”。几年间，这家组织为数百名爱好者提供了水下调查培训，从鲨鱼和海龟识别到珊瑚修复项目。在他们的努力下，来自世界各地的人们每天都在收集珍贵的数据，以保护吉利马特拉海洋保护区。 

In 2020, a global pandemic forced the team to put the projects on pause. As a beacon of light in the midst of chaos, Rose was thrilled to discover new life growing in her belly while the pandemic gripped the world. Breastfeeding her daughter kept her awake for long hours, which she used to consider how she and her colleagues might fund their conservation projects without the help of international visitors. A sign came in the form of a message from the United Nations — they were providing grants to coral restoration projects. But with thousands of research teams working all around the world on that issue, they would need to do things differently to draw attention to Gili Air. One night, it clicked: “What about working exclusively with local women?” 

2020年，一场全球范围的疫情迫使团队暂停了所有项目。作为混乱中的一束光，罗斯发现自己怀上了新生命，这让她非常激动。因为给女儿哺乳让她长时间无法入睡，她利用这段时间思考，如果没有国际游客的帮助，她和同事们该如何为保护项目提供资金。这时，联合国发来了一条信息：他们正在为珊瑚恢复项目提供资助。但是，全世界有成千上万的研究团队在研究这个问题，所以罗斯和她的同事需要采取不同的方式来吸引人们对吉利埃尔岛的关注。某天晚上，她灵机一动：“为什么不专门与当地女性合作呢？”

As her excitement translated into words and she shared the project with her husband and close friends, concerns began to surface. Will participants have the physical strength needed to carry and set up equipment? Will their families allow them to travel so far away? Will they embrace their skin growing darker in a society that idealises lighter tones? As barriers were rising one by one, her determination only continued to grow. If she wanted to know the answers to these questions, she had to ask those concerned. So, one day, Rose posted a message on social media asking if anyone wanted to apply for a scholarship in which they would be taught how to set up their own coral restoration project. Although she faced doubt from those around her regarding the interest of local women in getting involved, she received one hundred and fifty applications from women living all over Indonesia ready to dive into coral restoration. Coral Catch was born. 

随着罗斯·休伊赞佳把兴奋转化为言语，在与丈夫和好友分享这个项目时，担忧开始浮现。参与者是否具备搬运和安装设备所需的体力？他们的家人会允许她们远行吗？在一个崇尚浅色皮肤的社会里，她们会接受自己的皮肤变黑吗？障碍一个接一个地增加，但罗斯的决心却与日俱增。如果她想知道这些问题的答案，就必须去问那些相关的人。因此，有一天，罗斯在社交媒体上发帖询问是否有人想申请一个奖学金，学习如何建立自己的珊瑚修复项目。尽管周围的人怀疑当地女性是否有兴趣参与其中，但罗斯还是收到了150份申请，她们来自印度尼西亚各地，准备投身于珊瑚修复工作。于是，Coral Catch（珊瑚捕手）项目应运而生。

The United Nations didn’t select Coral Catch as a grantee, but the engine was already on. Rose found the funding to start a small pilot, and six months later, four women were starting a nine-week training programme created to give them the skills to set up and monitor a coral restoration site. 

联合国没有将Coral Catch项目选为资助对象，但项目的引擎已然启动。罗斯找到了资金，并启动了一个小规模的试点项目。六个月后，四名女性开始参加一个为期九周的培训课程，旨在让她们掌握建立和监测珊瑚恢复场所的技能。 

Today, twenty women have graduated from the coral restoration programme on Gili Air. Coral Catch’s Superwomen: the Coral Catch trainees are called this for a reason. They are mastering tricky, diverse and invaluable skills. If you hear the engine roaring, it’s because they are welding rebars, building the structures that will host their coral fragments. Setting up a restoration project requires management skills, so they attend workshops to give them the knowledge to plan their projects, find funds, and manage their social media. They show up every day motivated to physically and mentally commit to their work restoring the marine environment, acting as role models for other women in their communities. Their strength, determination and bravery impress the team every day. 

目前，已有二十名女性从吉利埃尔岛的珊瑚修复项目毕业。她们被称为Coral Catch的“女超人”，这个称号并非虚名。她们掌握了复杂、多样和宝贵的技能。如果你听到引擎轰鸣，那是因为她们正在焊接钢筋，建造将承载珊瑚碎片的结构。建立一个修复项目需要管理技能，因此她们会参加讲习班，学习关于规划项目、寻找资金和管理社交媒体的知识。她们每天都充满动力，全身心投入到修复海洋环境的工作中，成为社区中其他女性的榜样。她们的力量、决心和勇气，每天都给团队留下了深刻印象。 

Marine conservation only works with the community being actively involved, so the women spend their time on land spreading awareness and sharing their love for the underwater world. Pass by the school and you will see the children smiling, sharing what they have learned about the challenges the ocean is facing. Enter the dive shop and you’ll see local women in the pool learning how to swim. Coral Catch programmes teach that education is a very strong tool for change and the women have heard this loud and clear. After benefiting from the incredible Gili Matra Marine Reserve as a training ground, they are always eager and excited to give back to the local community. 

海洋保护只有在社区积极参与的情况下才能奏效，因此这些女性会花时间在陆地上宣传海洋保护意识，分享她们对水下世界的热爱。当你经过学校时，你会看到孩子们面带微笑，分享他们所学到的、关于海洋面临挑战的知识。进入潜水店，你会看到当地的女性在泳池里学习游泳。Coral Catch项目告诉人们，教育是改变现状的有力工具，而这些女性对此也深有体会。从作为训练场地的吉利马特拉海洋保护区中受益后，她们总是充满热情，迫不及待地回馈当地社区。

Coral Catch quickly became more than a scholarship programme. Imagine four women from different educations and cultures living together for nine weeks, sharing their room, their dreams, and their fears. For the first time, they are connecting with women to whom they can express similar worries: How to combine career and motherhood? How to take care of your mental health? How to deal with being the first one taking a different path in the family? 

Coral Catch很快就不再只是一个奖学金项目。想象一下，来自不同教育背景和文化的四位女性一起生活了九个星期，共同分享她们的房间、梦想和恐惧。这是她们第一次与可以表达类似烦恼的女性建立联系：如何平衡事业与母亲的身份？如何照顾自己的心理健康？如何应对成为家族中第一个走上不同道路的人的挑战？

Empowering women is providing a space for women to feel safe and heard. Then, let the magic happen and you’ll see a whole universe of new prospects open up. 

赋能女性就是为她们提供一个安全、被倾听的空间。然后，让奇迹发生，你会看到一个充满无限可能的新世界向她们展开。

Rose has made it her mission to train and empower one hundred women to pursue a career in marine conservation in the next five years. Day after day, batch after batch, this dream is coming true. Women from every corner of Indonesia have joined forces to safeguard and revive the nation’s reefs. Initially, she had reservations about whether they would revert to their prior lives after completing the programme. To her delight, every single one of these inspiring Superwomen chose to share their passion for the ocean with the world. Today, they are actively contributing to marine conservation, pursuing careers in the diving industry, or securing scholarships to advance their studies in marine science. Witnessing these ocean advocates come together to preserve the incredible biodiversity of their homeland is the most gratifying reward anyone could ask for. 

罗斯立志在未来五年内培训并赋能一百名女性，帮助她们从事海洋保护事业。一天又一天，一批又一批，这个梦想正在实现。来自印度尼西亚各地的女性们齐心协力，共同保护和恢复印尼的珊瑚礁。最初，罗斯担心这些女性在完成项目后，会回归之前的生活方式。令她欣慰的是，每一位鼓舞人心的“女超人们”都选择与世界分享她们对海洋的热情。如今，她们积极投身于海洋保护事业，在潜水行业谋求发展，或是获得奖学金以继续深造海洋科学。看到这些海洋倡导者们团结起来，保护她们家园的非凡生物多样性，是每个人都想看到的、最令人欣慰的回报。

To grow the project and convince more sponsors to join, she reached out to female marine scientists and diving leaders to join the sisterhood as ambassadors. She was overwhelmed by the outcome. Not only did she receive extremely enthusiastic replies, but these professionals went above and beyond in supporting the Coral Catch initiative. They not only expressed their willingness to endorse the Coral Catch image, but also generously offered to share their knowledge and build the women’s confidence. This has become a pivotal aspect of the programme, as it allows trainees to recognise that experts from around the world support and endorse their mission. 

为了发展这个项目并说服更多赞助商加入，罗斯·休伊赞佳联系了女性海洋科学家和潜水领袖，邀请她们作为宣传大使加入。结果令她喜出望外。她不仅收到了非常热情的回复，而且这些专业人士对Coral Catch项目的支持超出了她的预期。她们不仅表示愿意为Coral Catch项目进行形象代言，还慷慨地表示愿意分享自己的知识，帮助提升女性的自信心。这已成为该项目的一个关键环节，因为这让受训者意识到，来自世界各地的专家们都支持并认可她们的使命。

To grow the project and convince more sponsors to join, she reached out to female The feeling of being part of a community that shares your values is sometimes all you need to start moving mountains.

成为一个分享共同价值观的社区的一员，有时就是推动变革的全部动力。

The Coral Catch team is now solely run by a team of former Superwomen. Cenna, 24 years old, was one of the first women to benefit from the programme before going back to Java to work on marine research projects. The Coral Catch team were so proud to see her don Coral Catch’s colours again this November, this time as Lead Scientist and Programme Manager for the 2024 Superwomen. For some women, Coral Catch is a catalyst for a complete change in their career path. Wika, 28 years old, worked in marketing and communications in Bali before joining the programme. After 9 weeks on Gili Air as a trainee, she’ll keep her wetsuit but change her hat to join the Coral Catch staff as an intern, helping maintain the coral restoration site in the water and engage the local community on land. With the trust built between the women during the scholarship being so precious, Coral Catch hopes to preserve that safe space even after the programme is finished. Caterina, a marine biology student freshly certified by a PADI Divemaster Scholarship and former Superwoman, is joining the team in January to coordinate the Coral Catch alumni. The circle comes back around, those who benefited from a springboard to pursue a career in marine science are now helping others to dive into the beauty of the underwater world. 

Coral Catch团队现在完全由一群前“女超人”运营。24岁的仙娜是首批受益于该项目的女性之一，她在完成项目后回到爪哇从事海洋研究项目。今年11月，Coral Catch团队非常自豪地看到她再次穿上Coral Catch的制服，这次她将担任2024年“女超人”的首席科学家和项目经理。对一些女性来说，Coral Catch是她们职业道路的催化剂。28岁的维卡在加入该项目之前，在巴厘岛从事市场营销和传播工作。在吉利岛作为受训者度过了9周后，她将继续穿上潜水服，但会换一顶新帽子，作为实习生加入Coral Catch团队，在水下帮助维护珊瑚修复点，在地上与当地社区互动。在奖学金期间，女性之间建立的信任是极其珍贵的，Coral Catch 希望在项目结束后仍可以保持这种安全空间。刚刚获得PADI潜水长奖学金认证的海洋生物专业学生、前“女超人”卡特琳娜将于一月份加入团队，负责协调Coral Catch项目的校友工作。周而复始，那些曾受益于这个跳板而投身于海洋科学事业的人，现在正在帮助其他人潜入美丽的海底世界。

There is still much work ahead to restore Indonesia’s reefs. An even more challenging task lies in achieving gender equality across the marine science sector. However, one thing remains clear: we’re on the right path, expanding the horizons for marine science one day at a time. Ultimately, attaining gender equality in the marine conservation industry and addressing environmental challenges share the same finish line — a world where our oceans are a safe space, both for the creatures that dwell there and for the women working towards protecting them. 

恢复印度尼西亚的珊瑚礁还有很多工作要做。在海洋科学领域实现性别平等是一项更具挑战性的任务。然而，有一点是明确的：我们正走在正确的道路上，一天天地拓宽着海洋科学的视野。最终，实现海洋保护行业的性别平等和应对环境挑战有着相同的目标：创造一个让海洋成为安全空间的世界，无论是对于栖息在那里的生物，还是那些致力于保护它们的女性。