全球视野 | 在世界上最暴力的城市之一，这家非营利组织利用体育来帮助青少年远离暴力

With its high rates of drug cartel deaths and femicide, the Mexican border city of Ciudad Juárez has often been described as one of the most violent cities in the world – if not the single most dangerous city. 

墨西哥边境城市华雷斯(Ciudad Juárez)因其贩毒集团死亡和杀害女性的高比例，即使不算是最危险的城市，也经常被描述为世界上最暴力的城市之一。 

“When you speak about Juárez, you have to speak about violence,” says Luis Mendoza, who has been living in the city – just a few miles from El Paso, Texas – his whole life. 

路易斯·门多萨说：“当你谈到华雷斯时，你必须谈及暴力。”门多萨一生都生活在华雷斯，这个城市距离美国得克萨斯州的埃尔帕索仅几英里。 

“We have to think about where the roots of the violence are and where we can prevent violent behaviors and situations from happening in the future,” adds Mendoza, who serves as the chief operating officer at the Júarez nonprofit Fundacíon Paso Del Norte (FPDN). “So you really have to work with youth and children.” 

门多萨是华雷斯非营利组织北帕索基金会/FPDN的首席运营官，他补充说道：“我们必须考虑暴力的根源在哪里，以及我们可以在哪里防止暴力行为和情况在未来发生。因此，你真的必须与年轻人和儿童打交道。” 

Now, the foundation’s Escuelas de Bienestar, or wellness schools, are using sports and play to deter young children from entering a life of violence while helping them develop self-awareness and skills to interact and communicate with others, and teaching them how to manage emotions and build relationships through physical activities. 

现在，该基金会的Escuelas de Bienestar（即健康学校/Wellness Schools）正在利用体育和游戏来阻止幼童进入暴力生活，同时帮助他们发展自我意识和与他人互动和沟通的技能，并教他们如何通过体育活动管理情绪和建立关系。

健康学校/Escuelas de Bienestar项目的一名教练与华雷斯的学童合作，在享受乐趣的同时解决生活问题。

照片来自Luis Mendoza，北帕索基金会

From 2008 to 2012, the city of 1.3 million was widely deemed the most dangerous place on earth. Murders shot above 3,111 in the worst year, 2010. People committed crimes like kidnapping and extortion with impunity. 

从2008年到2012年，这座拥有130万人口的城市被广泛认为是地球上最危险的地方。在最糟糕的一年，即2010年，谋杀案超过3111起。人们犯下了绑架和敲诈勒索等罪行，却不受惩罚。 

In 2022, Juárez reported 1,045 homicides, a 26% reduction compared to the previous year. 

2022年，华雷斯报告了1045起杀人案，与前一年相比减少了26%。 

A study by the World Health Organization found that youth violence is a global public health problem that ranges from bullying and fighting and can escalate to severe sexual and physical assault and homicide. 

世界卫生组织的一项研究发现，青年暴力是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，其范围从欺凌和打架，到可能升级为严重的性侵犯和身体攻击以及杀人。 

“Worldwide, an estimated 200,000 homicides occur among youth 10 to 29 years old each year, making it the fourth leading cause of death for people in this age group,” the study showed, noting that youth homicide and non-fatal violence often has a lifelong impact on a person’s wellbeing. 

这项研究显示：“在全球范围内，估计每年有20万起凶杀案发生在10岁至29岁的年轻人中，这使其成为这个年龄段人群的第四大死因。”研究指出，青少年凶杀案和非致命性暴力往往会对一个人的福祉产生终生影响。 

The foundation searched through available programs and partnered with Coaches Across Continents — a United Kingdom-based nonprofit that coaches active citizens and strengthens organizations to create sustainable social impact in their communities — to find a way to help the youth of Juárez. 

该基金会在现有的项目中进行搜索，并与Coaches Across Continents（这是一家位于英国的非营利组织，为活跃的公民提供辅导，并赋能组织在其社区创造可持续的社会影响）合作，寻找帮助华雷斯青年的方法。 

“They reach underserved communities, and it’s not about learning something that’s in the school curriculum,” Mendoza says. “It’s about learning topics that are important for their health, human development, communications, and tough topics that sometimes they don’t have the tools to manage.” 

门多萨说：“他们接触到的是服务不足的社区，这并不是要学习学校课程中的东西。这是关于学习对他们的健康、人类发展、交流很重要的话题，以及有时他们没有工具来管理的棘手话题。”

培训人员在培训期间接收来自北帕索基金会的捐赠。

照片来自Luis Mendoza，北帕索基金会

Coaches Across Continents is partnering with FPDN to train physical education teachers in Juárez so that they’re able to meet the needs of their students while addressing challenging topics such as human rights, drug use, drug prevention, sexual health, violence and emotional health and well-being. 

Coaches Across Continents正在与北帕索基金会合作，培训华雷斯的体育教师，以便他们能够满足学生的需求，同时处理具有挑战性的话题，如人权、吸毒、毒品预防、性健康、暴力以及情感健康和福祉。 

“It’s a train-the-trainer model to teach teachers on how to use play to develop those life skills and to address social topics that are hard to talk about in other educational settings,” Mendoza says. The teachers are going to talk about nutrition, mental health, human rights, women’s rights, and other topics, in addition to sports. 

门多萨说：“这是一个培训培训师的模式，该模式教导教师如何利用游戏来发展这些生活技能，并解决在其他教育环境中难以谈及的社会话题。除了体育之外，教师们还要谈论营养、心理健康、人权、妇女权利和其他话题。” 

Physical education teachers are oftentimes seen as less sophisticated than other educators. However, Mendoza says these educators need to be acknowledged for their impact on their students. 

体育教师往往被认为没有其他教育工作者那么老练。然而，门多萨说，这些教育工作者对学生的影响需要得到认可。 

“The power that PE teachers and coaches have on the development of children and youths is enormous,” he says. “We have learned that they want more training to diversify their classes, so they’re not only focused on gym class but on sports and play. They want to be able to use their tools to strengthen abilities and skills.” 

门多萨说：“体育教师和教练在儿童和青少年发展方面的力量是巨大的。我们已经了解到，他们希望有更多的培训，来使他们的课程多样化。所以他们可以不只是专注于体育课，而且还可以关注运动和游戏。他们希望能够使用他们的工具来加强能力和技能。” 

Since the inception of Escuelas de Bienestar in 2017, 303 participants have joined the program impacting 77,018 school children in Juárez. About 60% of those enrolled in the program work as PE teachers, while the remainder is church youth groups, community centers and other groups that work with children regularly. 

自2017年健康学校/Escuelas de Bienestar项目成立以来，已有303人加入该项目，影响了华雷斯的77018名学童。参加该项目的人中，约有60%的人担任体育教师，其余的人是教会青年团体、社区中心和其他经常与儿童打交道的团体。 

The trainers sign-up for a three-year commitment and receive training on developing games to use with their students while receiving support from the foundation. 

培训人员签署了为期三年的承诺，在接受基金会支持的同时，接受开发游戏的培训，以用于他们的学生。 

“After those three years, the data shows us that (the trainers) already know how to make up games by themselves without the accompaniment of the Fundacíon or coaches and they are able to improvise,” Mendoza says. 

门多萨说：“经过这三年，数据显示，（培训人员）已经知道如何在没有基金会或教练的陪同下自己编排游戏，并且他们能够即兴发挥。” 

As part of the three-year commitment, participants must attend at least one yearly training where Fundación Paso Del Norte facilitates members of Coaches Across Continents who fly across the globe to offer training in Juárez. 

作为三年承诺的一部分，参与者必须每年至少参加一次培训。北帕索基金会会协助Coaches Across Continents的成员飞往华雷斯提供培训。 

“They would work with my program officer and my coach locally, and both of them would deliver the training for teachers,” Mendoza says. “In this four-day training, these two coaches are in charge of facilitating the whole methodology.” 

门多萨说：“Coaches Across Continents成员将在当地与我的项目官员和教练合作，两方都将为教师提供培训。在这个为期四天的培训中，两方教练负责推动整个方法的实施。” 

Besides the in-person training, participants have access to an international information hub where members from all over the world upload new games, materials, tools and resources for all to use and incorporate into their classes. 

除了面对面的培训，参与者还可以访问一个国际信息枢纽中心，来自世界各地的成员在这里上传新的游戏、材料、工具和资源，供大家使用并纳入课堂。 

Mendoza says connecting with Coaches Across Continents was an easy process resulting in a fruitful relationship. 

门多萨说，与Coaches Across Continents建立联系是一个简单的过程，但也建立了富有成效的关系。 

“Usually, they want to work with communities that have a challenge in human rights and social development with some sort of a problem that the sports and games could be useful to use as a tool,” he says. “It was not difficult.” 

门多萨说：“通常，Coaches Across Continents希望与在人权和社会发展方面遇到挑战和问题的社区合作。针对这些社区的问题，体育和游戏可以被作为一种有用的工具来使用。这并不困难。” 

The lack of resources for teachers is a worldwide phenomenon affecting instructors in lower-income places the most. Escuelas de Bienestar is conscious of this when offering training to ensure the programs succeed with their available supplies. 

教师资源的缺乏是一个世界性的现象，而且对低收入地区的教师影响最大。在提供培训时，健康学校/Escuelas de Bienestar意识到了这一点，以确保项目能够利用现有可用物资取得成功。 

“We would have loved to give every school that we work with a full kit of PE class material,” Mendoza says. “We couldn’t do it with every school, but we did invest resources to fully equip 20 schools in Juárez. And every teacher participating in our program gets a donation of soccer balls that (don’t go flat).” 

门多萨说：“我们很想给与我们合作的每所学校提供一整套体育课材料。但我们不可能为每所学校都这样做。不过我们确实投入了资源，为华雷斯的20所学校提供了全套装备。而且每个参加我们项目的教师都会得到捐赠的足球，这些足球（不会漏气）。”

参加健康学校/Escuelas de Bienestar的儿童在收到One World Foundation捐赠的足球后合影。这些球被设计成能够承受最恶劣的比赛条件而不会漏气。

照片来自Luis Mendoza，北帕索基金会

The organization received 5,000 soccer balls from the One World Play Project, 4,200 of which have been distributed throughout the program. 

该组织从One World Play项目中获得了5000个足球，其中4200个已在项目中分发。 

“[Sting, the singer] started this organization with the objective of getting soccer balls to the poorest communities and underserved communities around the world because he believed that playing could change the world,” Mendoza says. 

门多萨说：“[歌手Sting]创办这个组织的目的，是将足球送到世界各地最贫穷的社区和服务不足的社区，因为他相信踢球可以改变世界。” 

The One World Futbol, the project’s flagship product, is an ultra-durable ball that doesn’t need a pump and never goes flat, even when punctured. Its design allows withstanding the most demanding playing conditions. 

One World Futbol是该项目的旗舰产品，是一种超耐用的球，不需要打气，即使被刺破也不会漏气。它的这种设计可以经受住最苛刻的比赛条件。 

“The organization understands that the context of the kids is so different,” Mendoza says. “We have kids that play in the streets.” 

门多萨说：“该组织理解孩子们的背景情况是如此的不同，我们有在街头玩耍的孩子。” 

In 2023, FPDN is reviewing the previous years of the program and learning how to continue helping the children of Juárez. It plans to survey program participants and other instructors outside of its network to evaluate its impact and identify resources and tools they have. 

2023年，北帕索基金会正在回顾该项目前几年的情况，学习如何继续帮助华雷斯的儿童。它计划对项目参与者和其网络外的其他教员进行调查，以评估其影响并确定他们拥有的资源和工具。 

“This year, we are very excited to explore how the program could be sustained in the community in one way or another,” Mendoza says, adding that the foundation plans to host one workshop in 2023 as opposed to the three it held in previous years. 

门多萨说：“今年，我们非常兴奋探索该项目将会如何以某种方式在社区持续下去。”他同时补充说，基金会计划在2023年举办一次研讨会，对照前些年举办的三次研讨会。 

Based on the findings for this year, the program will be updated and modified to provide support year-round available for every teacher in the country to access it and learn from the years the program operated. 

根据今年的调查结果，该项目将进行更新和修改，为该国的每一位教师提供全年可用的支持，以便他们访问该项目并在该项目运行的年份中学习。 

“We don’t want to mention it as an exit strategy or as it phasing out,” says Mendoza. “We prefer to communicate that this year we’re exploring how the program can become self-sufficient at some point with the help of teachers and community.” 

门多萨说：“我们不想把它当作一种退出战略，也不想把它看作是在逐步停止。我们更愿意传达的是，今年我们正在探索该项目如何在教师和社区的帮助下，在某个时间点实现自给自足。”